Arts and Culture

Gold That Has Lasted – The Early Life and Poetry of Robert Frost

by Meru S.

In the land where grass grows gold

And gold itself does flourish;

In a city not yet shaken by Earth herself;

In the year of a thousand,

Eight centuries,

Seventy,

And four;

As the month of winds and rains

And of tender blossoms of fire,

Wandered away, unnoticed, with

Only five days left to live,

Was a life begotten.

A life that would piece together words—

Find refuge in words—

Words of joy and woe

And of mystical wonder . . .

To the eye of the reader.

And upon this life was the name of

Robert Lee Frost placed

In admiration, in imitation,

Of an esteemed soul,

A general of the South.

When had passed a pair of years,

Two months,

And one score and ten days,

Another, a sister, entered his life;

Together, they were alike and different.

When five years had grown him into a young boy,

The gentle Isabelle Frost

And the intoxicated William Frost

Sent him to kindergarten halfway across town,

With his trust in the driver of his horse-drawn bus

Who well-nigh failed to locate his passenger’s home,

Plunging the child into a pit of panic.

And he avoided school for many a year,

For his stomach was overcome with pain—

Perhaps fabricated . . .

Perhaps of true existence . . .

But successful, nonetheless.

And so, homeschooled he was,

In the art of numerals and reading,

In the weaving together of words.

And it was the latter that he was drawn to;

Errors in his copying of sentences

Drove him to a state of fury,

To rip the page from its bindings,

And to crush it to demolition.

Then tragedy struck,

Six years thereafter:

The death of his father;

Uprooting the family,

Sending them across the States

On a long, lonely journey aboard a train

To the east,

Where they resided with their kin,

Where his mother found employment

As a teacher of the middle grades.

And it was then and there that he attended school alongside others,

—Unaccompanied by a lack of complaint—

Yet again under the instruction of his mother, the schoolmistress . . .

It was to him all but engrossing;

His mother elected to ignore

The shavings of wood that amassed

Beneath his desk,

Fallen away from wooden figures.

He took no interest in reading,

He read no book until the age of fourteen—

Instead, uncovering a love of nature

That was bound to infuse his verses with its tranquility.

But a necessity to earn wages wrenched aside his attention,

Flinging it towards an undesired position at a shoe factory,

Until he quit from disrelish.

His pursual of further education lit a lamp,

Illuminated the works of the distinguished—

John Keats,

Edgar Allen Poe,

Inspired him to compose those of his own.

And so “La Noche Triste” manifested in his mind,

One night,

And like a river gliding down to form a lake,

It flowed from his mind

Through his pen

To meet his paper in physical appearance,

And he believed that it augured

The poet within him destined to be revealed—

The Monet of imagery,

Who would depict the bittersweet days

After Apple-Picking

With expression as free as the starlings’ flight;

Who would evoke a child to mount the branches of the

Birches,

To bow them with joy,

With exhilaration,

To ride skyward,

Away from the trammels of reality,

And to return once more,

To the earth,

To engagement,

To community and love;

A poem of two fragments combined.

And he took

A path less traveled

To tease his friend not through prose,

But through poetry,

Through stanzas seemingly sapient,

Through essence hidden in plain sight,

And it was not the poet’s wished significance

That was perceived then,

For, instead, it bewildered the recipient,

Who failed to look beyond its profound semblance,

Who primed the canvas for many a perusal to come.

And they have remained—

Sempiternal jewels,

Gold that has lasted,

Untarnished.

Arts and Culture

America’s Shining Girls: The Dark History of our Industry’s “Wonder Element”

by Harper Smith 

The year is 1898. Two scientists find themselves in the midst of making history–they have discovered a new element. Marie and Pierre Curie, in their study of radioactivity, found traces of something they had never seen before in a sample of uraninite ore. They named this element “radium,” and spent the next three years attempting to further prove its existence to the scientific community. It’s possible that you are aware of how this story ends. 36 years later, at age 66, Marie passes away due to aplastic anaemia, a disease of the blood cells. The cause? The chemist was known to have carried bottles of both polonium and radium, two extremely radioactive chemicals, in the pockets of her coat. The toxins caused her blood cells to be literally eaten away, bit by bit, until her body could no longer continue to function. The severity of the poison was so drastic that her remains have to be sealed in lead, along with nearly everything the scientist touched. Her notes are kept in a lead lined box and anyone who wishes to study them is required to wear protective suits–even her cookbooks are radioactive! After this, the element of radium was universally recognized as hazardous and kept locked away for only trained professionals to handle, and everyone lived happily ever after. 

At least, that’s what should have happened. 

Let us jump forward in time. It’s the early twentieth century, and everything is radium. There is radium in razor blades, toothpaste, cosmetics–even chocolate is being made with the toxic element! Radium is hailed as a miraculous cure-all due to its role in early forms of chemotherapy and spread wide in high-end stores across the country. And the business at the forefront of this craze is watches. “Liquid sunshine,” as the element was dubbed by some advertisers, had the ability to glow in the dark–bright and luminous and perfect for alarms and clock faces and most of all, watches. After all, who wouldn’t want to tell the time even amidst pitch-black darkness? Factories popped up everywhere, churning out a huge supply of the radium-coated time-tellers. Inside these factories were girls–the usual age being early twenties or late teens, with some as young as 13–and these girls had a very important job to do. They were known as the dial-painters and their role was simple: paint the clock faces with the radioactive paint. This alone may not have been deadly, if it weren’t for one factor. Lip, dip, paint. The girls, you see, were on a very strict schedule, and each watch had to be perfect. There was only one way they knew of to get their brushes to have that precise, fine tip, and that was by using their mouths to point the bristles. They would dip the brush into the radium-infused paint, then between their lips, then onto the dial, filling it in with the bright glow. The girls were told that this was healthy, that it was good for them, and each day they went home glowing like the very watches they painted. The radium powder coated their clothes, their skin, the tips of their tongues–America’s “shining girls,” they were called, floating through their towns like luminescent ghosts. It was a glamorous job, it paid well, it was so easy; what else could these women possibly need?

In October 1921, twenty-four year old Mollie Maggia, a dial painter of several years, made an appointment with a dentist named Joseph Knef. A few weeks prior, she had discovered a terrible ache in her mouth and had her tooth surgically removed. But the pain hadn’t left. Knef diagnosed her with pyorrhea, a common tissue disease, and operated on her to remove more teeth. But it didn’t help. The infection spread, ulcers grew in her gums, her teeth began to fall out all on their own, and on top of that she started experiencing seemingly unrelated aches in her leg and hip, so painful that she could barely walk. Knef attempted to operate on her jaw, only to find it literally disintegrated in his hands. He was mystified–Mollie was young, healthy, and on top of that she had worked with radium, the wonder element, for years. Why was this happening? 

A few weeks later, Mollie died. It was, as her sister Quinta put it, a “painful and terrible death,” caused when her mystery infection spread to her throat and caused her mouth to fill rapidly with blood, suffocating her. She left her friends, family members, and doctors all heartbroken and bewildered. The term “radium poisoning” would not be coined to describe her illness for many more years, and as far as they knew, there was no reason for any of this to have happened. Her death, painful and terrible as it was, had been completely and utterly unpredictable. 

Mollie Maggia was the first of the radium girls to succumb to this grisly fate. She would not, as the years went on, end up being the last. 

-To be continued-

News, Science

Oldest Active Astronaut Returns Home from 220-Day Mission

by guest author Jonathan David

Don Petit, the current oldest active astronaut, returned to Earth on his 70th birthday from
a 220-day mission on the International Space Station. He spent many hours on scientific
research in the areas of 3D printing in space, water sanitation, plant growth and fire behavior in
microgravity. This was his fourth mission, totaling 590 days of space time. His main job on the
team is flight engineer.
In an April 28th interview at Johnson Space Center he concluded by sharing, “ I could
look out the window and just enjoy the view. But, when I’m looking out the window just enjoying,
its like, ‘Oh, Wow. A meteor. Oh, wow, look at that. Man, there’s a flasher. What’s that? And, oh,
look at that. A volcano going off? It’s like, okay, where’s my camera? I got to record that. And
part of this drive for me is when your mission is over, it’s photographs and memories.’”
Thank you for reading this article. Stay tuned for more NASA news! Special thanks to
ABC News for interview information.

Home

Sabine B. – Staff Writer

Sabine is 15 and loves reading books and painting. Her favorite books are those about obscure mythologies. If you want, she would love to give you a two-hour long lecture about their erasure from history or about the attributes of some mysterious minor god. Oddly enough, her brother doesn’t seem to want to listen to her anymore. She loves sharing cool facts with people and uses her art as a way to do that. You can find her hiking in the regional parks, tending to her frankly terrifying number of succulents, or going down her newest rabbit hole (it’s not her fault everything she finds has several science-y questions tacked onto it that she absolutely has to research). 

Sabine has three chickens and, in a controversial decision, has decided she loves them more than her family’s dog. If asked about the cat vs dog debate she would answer birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, and fungi in that order and would leave out any mention of felines or canines. She loves them all equally when she’s painting them though.   

Home

Harper Smith – Staff Writer

Once there was a child chosen in a great prophecy, destined for a life filled with faeries, witches, elves, and majestic quests galore. Unfortunately a mistake was made and they ended up in this universe, so as an alternative they spend their days writing about all those things instead. Harper Smith is 15 years old and has been homeschooled since fourth grade. They enjoy reading (never less than three books at a time), drawing or writing in their many notebooks, and anything to do with music, even if it includes torturing their fingertips while learning guitar. They have interests in acting and have been in several homemade films, in addition to publishing a script and featuring in a collection of short stories with other young authors. Their dream is to co-create animated or live-action films with their friends, and maybe publish a series or two, but will happily settle for child psychologist if necessary.

News, Student Life

Interview with DGC Director Ken Abrams

by Lydia I. Matinov

Lights? Check. Audience? Check. Voices? Check! Next is the conductor! I had the pleasure of interviewing Mr. Ken Abrams, the artistic director of the Danville Girls Chorus. Since 1992, Mr. Abrams has been conducting singers of all ages, and has won multiple awards, as well as, competitions. I am very excited to share his inspiring story.

Why did you choose choral conducting and performing arts as your career?

I didn’t choose it at first. I chose to be a music major, and then, after I graduated, somebody said, “Hey, you’ve worked with my high school choirs, and you did really well. You should consider being a teacher.” That’s when I said, “Maybe”. Right after college is when I made the choice to do that.

What is your favorite part about your job?

My favorite part is getting the students prepared and working through rehearsals. Then, watching them soar in a concert.

What challenges have you faced throughout your career?

Many challenges. Financial is the first one. Not getting any money for my program, or my accompanist, and having to sell candy, and do everything possible to have a choir to direct. That was one of the hardest things. There’s been a lot of cutbacks in the schools over the years. They’re facing more this year.  That was always difficult, when they were laying people off, or told me they do not have a job. And three, sometimes just having a rotten-egg student can be a real pain. It’s the good ones that make it all worthwhile.

What was the most valuable thing you learned while studying choral conducting?

One of the things somebody said was “Expect, and communicate, and you will not be disappointed.”, and I’ve always remembered that. If you give them the expectation; tell them what you want, how to do it, and what you’re expecting, more often than not, they will come through with flying colors.

What advice can you give to anyone who would like to pursue a career in musical arts?

Just make sure you have all the training you can get. Musical arts is a big field, but if you want to be a teacher, learning how to play piano helps a lot. If you’re in musical arts, then you must try singing the absolute best you can and learning to read music. And, if you’re going to be in musical theater, add dancing to that, as well.

You have received many prestigious awards, and your choirs have won numerous competitions. Can you comment on your incredible success and have you ever imagined that you would be such a highly sought after artistic director?

Never. Never imagined that. It just kind of happened, and I got better and better the older I got, and I got Teacher of the Year for California. Two years ago, my choirs won many-many awards and competitions, but they had to work really hard to do that.

Can you share a funny or interesting story that happened sometime during your career?

There were a lot of funny stories. We did musicals every other year, and there was lots of fun stuff that would happen: a lot of silly things with kids falling off the risers, or sneezing, or fainting in the middle of a song.

Is there anything else you would like people to know?

What’s wonderful about being in a choir is that singing is something you can do your whole life. It’s something that you don’t have to have an instrument for. You can just do it by virtue of your body helping you accomplish singing. I hope that my singers with Danville Girls Chorus and the ones that I had in high school use it, value it, and continue exercising it their whole life long.

For more information regarding the Danville Girls Chorus, visit danvillegirlschorus.org.

The Danville Girls Chorus

Arts and Culture, Science

California’s Special Species – Part 1

by Sabine B.

Why is California so diverse? One reason is the abundance of different biomes and environments. The wide beaches and rocky cliffs of the coast regions border groves of redwood trees, oak woodlands merge into stands of fir and pine that give way to alpine meadows, and sage flats sprawl into sandy deserts. We have both the highest place in the continental US, Mount Whitney, and the lowest place, Badwater Basin. There are many different habitats in California which means there are a lot of different species. 

There is another reason as well! The land along the coast of California is part of a biome known as the chaparral biome, and those oak woodlands I mentioned are part of it. This biome is one of the rarest biomes on earth and it provides the perfect environment for lots of unique species. It only exists on the western side of continents and only from 40 degrees to 30 degrees north and south on either side of the equator. It is found along the coasts of Chile in South America, along the coast of Australia, along part of the coast of Africa, along the coast of California, and, in probably its most famous occurrence, in the Mediterranean in Europe (the chaparral biome is the reason for that ideal ‘Mediterranean climate’). The chaparral has mild wet winters and long hot summers. Its rain cycle is one of the things that sets it apart from other biomes. 

Due to its weather patterns, the plants of the chaparral have evolved adaptations that prevent drying out during droughts, and are fire resistant to protect against fires. The animals have adapted along with the plants. Because the chaparral zones are so far apart, and have such favorable conditions, and are so rare, species that settle in them often specialize to fit them. This means that chaparral zones are biodiversity hotspots. Those are places where more of the species living there are biologically unique than in other places. Just like in other biodiversity hotspots, California has many, many endemic species. They are found nowhere else in the world. Some of the species I will be sharing with you are found in only one or two counties in California. 

Every installment is researched and illustrated by me and will feature a native Californian animal, fungus, and plant. I will include the scientific name and the common name if there is one. I will also note something special about them. Feel free to look them up for more about them!